{"id":5181,"date":"2011-05-29T11:15:53","date_gmt":"2011-05-29T10:15:53","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/sarahjyoung.com\/site\/?p=5181"},"modified":"2011-06-10T22:21:03","modified_gmt":"2011-06-10T21:21:03","slug":"the-opening-of-the-great-exhibition-a-view-from-russia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/sarahjyoung.com\/site\/2011\/05\/29\/the-opening-of-the-great-exhibition-a-view-from-russia\/","title":{"rendered":"The opening of the Great Exhibition: a view from Russia"},"content":{"rendered":"

The level of interest from around the world in the Great Exhibition was really quite remarkable, and Russia was no different. I’ve been digging out articles from Russian journals and present here what must be one of the very first, from the May-June issue of Sovremennik<\/em> for 1851, which deals with the build-up to the opening, and reads as though it was dispatched just as the opening ceremony got underway (there is no information about the author or whether it was an original piece or taken from another source, although one generally\u00a0finds that when articles are copied from European journals, it tends to say so).<\/p>\n

Aside from the shambles of the ticketing arrangements, which reminded me somewhat of the Millenium Dome fiasco, the most interesting thing from my perspective is the naming of the building. It’s well known that the name the Crystal Palace<\/a><\/em> was originally an ironic term coined by Punch<\/a><\/em> before the exhibition even opened, but I was quite surprised to see that the nickname was already so well established that a Russian journal was approximating it at this stage. The name given several times (without any suggestion it is an unofficial coinage) is kristal’naia palata<\/em> (crystal chamber) – not quite there, but close enough to show how fast ideas could travel even before the days of mass communication. The resemblance in sound of the Russian ‘palata’ to ‘palace’ may have influenced the choice as well. In any case, the translation of\u00a0Crystal Palace<\/em> into Russian never established a definitive form, even at the height of its significance for Russian letters, in the 1860s: you see Kristal’nyi dvorets<\/em>, but also Khristal’nyi<\/em> and Khrustal’nyi<\/em>, and while dvorets<\/em> is the most common word used for ‘palace’, you also come across palas<\/em> and palats<\/em>. So, is this the first reference in Russian letters not so much of the building, but of the name by which it became known?<\/p>\n

Here is the article, followed by a (slightly rough-and-ready) translation. More like this to follow in due course.<\/p>\n

\u041e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0438<\/strong>.
\n\u0421\u043e\u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0438\u043a<\/a><\/em>, 27 (1851), \u0421\u043c\u0435\u0441\u044c. \u041c\u0430\u0439 1851. \u0418\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0438\u044f, \u0441. 86-88<\/p>\n

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\u041d\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0438, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u043e, \u043e\u0442\u043a\u0440\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0441\u0435\u043c\u0438\u0440\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043a\u0438, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e. \u0421\u043e\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0441\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c, \u043d\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043d\u0435\u0446, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0441\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0447\u0438\u0441\u043b\u043e \u0431\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0430\u043d\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u0432 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0434\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u043e\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430. \u0424\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0443\u0437\u044b \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u044e \u0434\u043e\u043b\u044e \u043f\u044f\u0442\u044c\u0441\u043e\u0442 \u0431\u0438\u043b\u0435\u0442\u043e\u0432. \u0422\u0430\u043a\u0438\u043c \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u043e\u043c \u0434\u0435\u043b\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u0443\u043b\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u043e. \u041d\u043e \u0436\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u041b\u043e\u043d\u0434\u043e\u043d\u0430 \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043b\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0445 \u0434\u043d\u0435\u0439 \u043e\u0447\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043e\u043f\u0430\u0441\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c, \u0447\u0442\u043e\u0431\u044b \u0438\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0446\u044b \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u044b\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435\u0439 \u0443\u0433\u0440\u043e\u0437\u044b.<\/p>\n

\u041d\u0430\u043a\u0430\u043d\u0443\u043d\u0435, \u043f\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0434\u043d\u0438\u043a\u0430 \u0432\u0438\u0434 \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044b \u0441\u043e\u0432\u0435\u0440\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u0438\u0437\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f. \u0412 \u0433\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0440\u0435\u044f\u0445 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u043d\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u0442\u044e\u043a\u043e\u0432, \u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0436\u043d\u0435\u0433\u043e \u0431\u0435\u0441\u043f\u043e\u0440\u044f\u0434\u043a\u0430. \u0421\u043a\u0432\u043e\u0437\u044c \u043e\u0447\u0438\u0449\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0430\u043b\u043b\u0435\u0438 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442\u044c \u0441\u0430\u043c\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0438 \u043e\u0433\u0440\u043e\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f. \u0412 \u0437\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0432\u0441\u044e\u0434\u0443 \u043a\u0440\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043f\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0438 \u0438 \u043c\u0430\u0442\u0435\u0440\u0438\u0438.<\/p>\n

\u0412 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u044c \u043a\u0440\u0438\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0430 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u043b\u0430 \u0442\u0440\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0437\u0440\u0435\u043b\u0438\u0449\u0435. \u042d\u043c\u0438\u0433\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0442\u044b, \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0431\u044b\u0432\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u0438\u0437 \u041a\u043e\u0440\u043d\u0432\u0430\u043b\u043b\u0438\u0439\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u0440\u0430\u0444\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430 \u0438 \u043e\u0442\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044e\u0449\u0438\u0435\u0441\u044f \u0432 \u0410\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u043b\u0438\u044e, \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0434\u043e\u0437\u0432\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u043c\u043e\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0442\u044c \u043d\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u043e \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u043d\u0435 \u0438\u043c\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0438 \u043f\u043e\u043d\u044f\u0442\u0438\u044f. \u041e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u044f \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0435 \u043e\u0442\u0435\u0447\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e, \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0438\u0448\u043b\u0438 \u0431\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0438\u0442\u044c \u0432\u0437\u0433\u043b\u044f\u0434 \u043d\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u0438 \u0433\u0440\u043e\u043c\u0430\u0434\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0431\u043e\u0433\u0430\u0442\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u043d\u0438 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u0440\u0430\u0437 \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0445 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u043d\u0438\u043a\u043e\u0433\u0434\u0430 \u043d\u0435 \u0443\u0432\u0438\u0434\u044f\u0442. \u041f\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043a\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0432 \u041b\u043e\u043d\u0434\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u043c\u043e\u0436\u043d\u043e \u0432\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0442\u044c \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u044c, \u0438 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0439 \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0435\u0449\u0435 \u043f\u043e\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u044c\u043d\u0435\u0435 \u0432 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0443\u044e \u0442\u043e\u0440\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0435\u043d\u043d\u0443\u044e \u043c\u0438\u043d\u0443\u0442\u0443!<\/p>\n

\u0412 \u0441\u0430\u043c\u044b\u0439 \u0434\u0435\u043d\u044c \u0442\u043e\u0440\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u0430, 1 \u043c\u0430\u044f, \u0441 \u0441\u0435\u043c\u0438 \u0447\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u0443\u0442\u0440\u0430, \u041d\u0443de-\u0420\u0430r\u043a, \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0442 \u043e\u0433\u0440\u043e\u043c\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u0430\u0434, \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u043e\u043b\u043d\u0435\u043d \u0431\u044b\u043b \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c; \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0430\u043b\u043b\u0435\u044f\u0445 \u0432\u0438\u0434\u043d\u044b \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u043f\u044b \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u0430, \u043d\u043e \u0442\u043e\u043b\u043f\u044b \u0441\u043f\u043e\u043a\u043e\u0439\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0438 \u043c\u043e\u043b\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0432\u044b\u0435, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u043e\u0436\u0438\u0434\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u0437\u0434\u0430 \u044d\u043a\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0436\u0435\u0439. \u0412 \u0434\u0435\u0432\u044f\u0442\u044c \u0447\u0430\u0441\u043e\u0432 \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0435\u0437\u0436\u0430\u0442\u044c \u044d\u043a\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0436\u0438. \u041f\u0438\u043a\u0430\u0434\u0438\u043b\u043b\u0438 \u0443\u0436\u0435 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0430\u043b\u0430 \u0431\u044b\u0442\u044c \u0443\u043b\u0438\u0446\u0435\u0439: \u043e\u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u0445\u043e\u0436\u0430 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u043d\u0430 \u0440\u0435\u043a\u0443, \u043f\u043e \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u043a\u0430\u0442\u0438\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u044d\u043a\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0436\u0438 \u0438 \u043e\u043c\u043d\u0438\u0431\u0443\u0441\u044b. \u041f\u0440\u0438 \u0442\u0430\u043a\u043e\u043c \u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0448\u043d\u043e\u043c \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0438 \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0435\u0439, \u044d\u043a\u0438\u043f\u0430\u0436\u0435\u0439 \u0438 \u043b\u043e\u0448\u0430\u0434\u0435\u0439, \u0432 \u041f\u0430\u0440\u0438\u0436\u0435 \u043d\u0435\u043f\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0438\u0437\u043e\u0448\u043b\u043e \u0431\u044b \u043c\u043d\u043e\u0436\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0432\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0441\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0441\u043b\u0443\u0447\u0430\u0435\u0432, \u0430 \u0432 \u041b\u043e\u043d\u0434\u043e\u043d\u0435 \u043d\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u043e \u043d\u0438 \u043c\u0430\u043b\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0435\u0433\u043e \u043d\u0435\u0441\u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c\u044f. \u041d\u0438\u043a\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u0441\u043d\u0438\u043b\u0441\u044f, \u043d\u0438\u043a\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u0437\u0430\u0431\u0435\u0433\u0430\u043b \u0432\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434; \u043a\u0430\u0436\u0434\u044b\u0439 \u0441\u043b\u0435\u0434\u043e\u0432\u0430\u043b \u0437\u0430 \u0442\u0435\u043c, \u043a\u0442\u043e \u0448\u0435\u043b \u0432\u043f\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438 \u0435\u0433\u043e.<\/p>\n

\u0413\u0438\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0435 \u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u0435, \u0441\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u043c\u0438 \u0447\u0443\u0434\u0435\u0441\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u044f\u043b\u043e \u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043f\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u0432\u0438\u0434. \u0417\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c \u043a\u043e\u043b\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0441\u0442\u0430\u0442\u0443\u0438; \u0442\u0430\u043c \u0448\u0438\u0440\u043e\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0444\u043e\u043d\u0442\u0430\u043d\u044b, \u0438\u043b\u0438 \u0433\u0438\u0433\u0430\u043d\u0442\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0442\u0435\u043b\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u043f\u044b \u0438 \u043e\u0433\u0440\u043e\u043c\u043d\u0435\u0439\u0448\u0438\u0435 \u043c\u0430\u0448\u0438\u043d\u044b, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0432 \u043f\u0435\u0440\u0441\u043f\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0438\u0432\u0435 \u043a\u0430\u0437\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0434\u043e\u043f\u043e\u0442\u043e\u043f\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u0436\u0438\u0432\u043e\u0442\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438. \u0412 \u044d\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u0432\u0435\u043b\u0438\u043a\u043e\u043b\u0435\u043f\u043d\u043e \u0443\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0444\u0443\u0442\u043b\u044f\u0440\u0430\u0445 \u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u044d\u0442\u0438\u0445 \u044d\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0430\u0434\u0430\u0445, \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0445 \u0434\u0440\u0430\u0433\u043e\u0446\u0435\u043d\u043d\u044b\u043c\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u043c\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438, \u0441\u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u043d\u044b \u043e\u0431\u0440\u0430\u0437\u0446\u044b \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0438, \u0441 \u0446\u0435\u043b\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0435\u043c\u043d\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0448\u0430\u0440\u0430; \u0442\u043e\u0447\u043d\u043e \u0442\u0430\u043a\u0436\u0435, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0432 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0442\u043e\u043b\u043f\u0435 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0438 \u043f\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u0438\u0442\u0435\u043b\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432, \u043d\u0430\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0441 \u0444\u043b\u0435\u0433\u043c\u0430\u0442\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0433\u043e\u043b\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0446\u0430 \u0434\u043e \u0443\u043b\u044b\u0431\u0430\u044e\u0449\u0435\u0433\u043e\u0441\u044f \u043a\u0438\u0442\u0430\u0439\u0446\u0430. \u0417\u0434\u0435\u0441\u044c \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0444\u043b\u0430\u0433\u0438 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u0440\u043e\u0434\u043e\u0432, \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u0446\u0438\u0438: \u0438 \u0442\u0440\u0435\u0445\u0446\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043d\u043e\u0435 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043c\u044f \u0424\u0440\u0430\u043d\u0446\u0438\u0438 \u0438 \u043d\u0438\u0434\u0435\u0440\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u043b\u0435\u0432, \u0438 \u0431\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0439 \u0435\u0434\u0438\u043d\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0433, \u0438 \u0438\u0440\u043b\u0430\u043d\u0434\u0441\u043a\u0430\u044f \u043b\u0438\u0440\u0430, \u0432 \u0434\u0432\u0443\u0433\u043b\u0430\u0432\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0440\u0435\u043b \u0410\u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0438\u0438, \u0438 \u0447\u0435\u0440\u043d\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0440\u0435\u043b \u041f\u0440\u0443\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438, \u0432 \u0431\u0435\u043b\u044b\u0439 \u043e\u0440\u0435\u043b \u0420\u043e\u0441\u0441\u0438\u0438. \u0412\u0441\u0435 \u044d\u0442\u0438 \u0437\u043d\u0430\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430, \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u043e \u0441\u0438\u0445 \u043f\u043e\u0440 \u0432\u0441\u0442\u0440\u0435\u0447\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u0442\u043e\u043b\u044c\u043a\u043e \u043d\u0430 \u043f\u043e\u043b\u0435 \u0441\u0440\u0430\u0436\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f, \u0442\u0435\u043f\u0435\u0440\u044c \u0432\u043c\u0435\u0441\u0442\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0437\u0432\u0435\u0432\u0430\u043b\u0438\u0441\u044c \u043c\u0438\u0440\u043d\u043e \u0432 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u043c\u044b\u0448\u043b\u0435\u043d\u043d\u043e\u0439 \u0431\u0430\u0437\u0438\u043b\u0438\u043a\u0435. \u041f\u043e\u0434 \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0434\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u044d\u0442\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0437\u0434\u0430\u043d\u0438\u044f \u043b\u044e\u0434\u0438 \u0433\u043e\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0438\u043b\u0438 \u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u0434\u0438\u0430\u043b\u0435\u043a\u0442\u0430\u0445, \u043a\u0430\u043a \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0440\u0435\u043c\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0432\u0430\u0432\u0438\u043b\u043e\u043d\u0441\u043a\u043e\u0433\u043e \u0441\u0442\u043e\u043b\u043f\u043e\u0442\u0432\u043e\u0440\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f.<\/p>\n

\u0421\u0440\u0435\u0434\u0438 \u043f\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0442\u044b \u0432\u043e\u0437\u0432\u044b\u0448\u0430\u043b\u0430\u0441\u044c \u043e\u0431\u0448\u0438\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u043f\u043b\u0430\u0442\u0444\u043e\u0440\u043c\u0430, \u043d\u0430 \u043a\u043e\u0442\u043e\u0440\u043e\u0439 \u043f\u043e\u0441\u0442\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d \u0431\u044b\u043b \u0442\u0440\u043e\u043d \u0441 \u0431\u0440\u0438\u0442\u0430\u043d\u0441\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0433\u0435\u0440\u0431\u043e\u043c. \u0421\u0435\u0432\u0435\u0440\u043d\u0430\u044f \u0447\u0430\u0441\u0442\u044c, \u043f\u0440\u044f\u043c\u043e \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0442\u0438\u0432 \u0442\u0440\u043e\u043d\u0430, \u0443\u043a\u0440\u0430\u0448\u0435\u043d\u0430 \u0431\u044b\u043b\u0430 \u0446\u0432\u0435\u0442\u0430\u043c\u0438 \u0438 \u0437\u0435\u043b\u0435\u043d\u044c\u044e. \u042d\u0442\u043e \u043d\u0435 \u043f\u0440\u043e\u0441\u0442\u043e\u0439 \u0446\u0432\u0435\u0442\u043d\u0438\u043a, \u0430 \u0441\u0430\u0434: \u043f\u0430\u043b\u044c\u043c\u044b, \u043b\u0438\u043c\u043e\u043d\u043d\u044b\u0435 \u0434\u0435\u0440\u0435\u0432\u044c\u044f \u0438 \u0442\u0440\u043e\u043f\u0438\u0447\u0435\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0435 \u0440\u0430\u0441\u0442\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0432\u043e \u0432\u0441\u0435\u0445 \u043d\u0430\u043f\u0440\u0430\u0432\u043b\u0435\u043d\u0438\u044f \u0440\u0430\u0441\u043a\u0438\u0434\u044b\u0432\u0430\u044e\u0442\u0441\u044f \u043f\u043e\u0434 \u044d\u0442\u0438\u043c \u0432\u044b\u0441\u043e\u043a\u0438\u043c \u0441\u0432\u043e\u0434\u043e\u043c.<\/p>\n

The Opening of the Great Exhibition<\/strong>
\nThe Contemporary<\/em>, 27 (1851). Miscellany. May 1851. Foreign news, pp. 86-88<\/p>\n

From London, a short news report about an important ceremony held on 1 May, on the occasion of the opening of the World Exhibition, and we rush to pass this news onto our readers. For around two days London breathed and lived only for 1 May, for this day which was always a holiday for England – the festival of spring and flowers. Poor flowers! sad spring! But this time London held a worldwide festival, a large ceremony attended by the queen, court, ambassadors, commissioners of all industrial nations and the great and good of the whole of the UK. It was an unprecedented festival, to which people flocked from all corners of the earth. It was a celebration of the opening of a giant chamber with all its marvels, it was a celebration of industry and peace. Therefore it is not surprising that in the aristocratic salons, in the City, and among the people – everywhere the opening ceremony was the only topic of conversation.<\/p>\n

Last night, the commission had still not distributed entrance tickets. Those who earlier gave their word not to attend the opening of crystal chamber at the last minute, enthused by the general aspiration, went to incredible lengths to acquire entrance tickets. You can imagine how beneficial this was for speculators. On Wednesday evening in Piccadilly there was a veritable market. How much did a ticket cost? – one livre<\/em>. A minute later the ticket was already being sold for \u00a01 1\/2 livres, and so on until midnight. One bookseller bought tickets for 2,000 pounds sterling (50,000 francs), and then resold them at a huge profit.<\/p>\n

On Wednesday morning, those exhibiting their products still did not know whether they would have free entry. The Royal Commission on this occasion received countless requests, to which it usually replied that when the opening ceremony would be attended only by those who had acquired tickets in \u00a0advance. After this formal response, the French decided to wrap all their works in linen covers. This example was followed by many other foreigners who had come to the exhibition with their works. The Commission did not foresee this trick, of which in fact nothing has been said in the programme. Foreigners, regardless of conviction, took a firm decision to carry out their threat. What should be done? The world exhibition, as it was not there, could not be opened as it should have been. It was agreed, finally, that a certain number of tickets should be put at the disposal of exhibitors of the products of each nation. The French received their share of five hundred tickets. In this manner the case was settled. But the inhabitants of London in the course of two days were very much afraid that the foreigners would carry out their threat.<\/p>\n

The day before the festival, the appearance of the crystal chamber has completely changed. In the galleries packaging was no longer visible, and the previous disorder had gone. Down the cleared walkways it was possible to see the most distant parts of the huge building. The halls throughout were adorned with beautiful wallpaper and materials.<\/p>\n

On this day, the crystal chamber presented a stirring spectacle. The emigrants who had arrived from the Duchy of Cornwall and were departing for Australia received permission to look at this industrial wealth, of which they had no concept. Leaving their homeland, they came to cast an eye over this enormous wealth, which they were seeing for the first time and which they will never see again. A sad contrast, which in London you can see every day, and that was more striking at such a festive moment!<\/p>\n

In the very day of the festival, 1 May, from seven o’clock in the morning, Hyde Park, that huge garden, was already filled with people, down all the avenues crowds of people were visible, but the crowds were calm and quiet as they waited for the carriage procession. With such a terrible gathering of people, carriages and horses, in Paris, there would certainly have been an abundance of injuries, but in London there was not the slightest disaster. No one was crushed, no one tried to rush ahead, everyone followed the person who was walking in front of them.<\/p>\n

The giant building, with all the wonders of industry, presented a magnificent view. Here, there are colossal statues; there, there are wide fountains or giant telescopes and the most gigantic machines, which from a distance looked like prehistoric animals. In these beautifully decorated cases and on these platforms, weighed down with precious objects, are gathered together samples from all branches of industry, from all over the globe; just as in the crowds there were representatives of all nations, from the phlegmatic Dutchman to the smiling Chinese. Here there were waving flags of all peoples, banners of every nation: the French Tricolore and the Dutch lion, the British unicorn and Irish harp, the two-headed eagle of Austria, the black eagle of Prussia, and the white eagle of Russia. All these banners, which until now had only been found on the battlefield, are now flying together peacefully in the industrial basilica. Under the arches of this building, people were speaking in every dialect, as in the time of Babel.<\/p>\n

In the middle of the chamber an extensive platform rose up, on which was placed a throne with the British coat of arms. The northern part, directly opposite the throne, was decorated with flowers and greenery. Not a simple flowerbed, but gardens: palms, lemon trees and tropical plants are spread in all directions under these high arches.<\/p>\n

\"Creative<\/a>
This translation<\/span> by Sarah J. Young<\/span> is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The level of interest from around the world in the Great Exhibition was really quite remarkable, and Russia was no different. I’ve been digging out articles from Russian journals and present here what must be one of the very first, from the May-June issue of Sovremennik for 1851, which deals with the build-up to the […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[46,105],"tags":[532,106,101,530,161],"class_list":["post-5181","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-crystal-palace","category-russian-journals","tag-crystal-palace","tag-google-books","tag-london","tag-russia","tag-sovremennik"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p2MwXo-1lz","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sarahjyoung.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5181","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sarahjyoung.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sarahjyoung.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sarahjyoung.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sarahjyoung.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5181"}],"version-history":[{"count":28,"href":"https:\/\/sarahjyoung.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5181\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5328,"href":"https:\/\/sarahjyoung.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5181\/revisions\/5328"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sarahjyoung.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5181"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sarahjyoung.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5181"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sarahjyoung.com\/site\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5181"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}